A rectangle with green border on top left contains a logo of Norstella, with a green dot on the top left corner. A rectangle with grey border on top right contains a logo of Parexel, with a grey dot on the top right corner. A rectangle with blue border on bottom left contains a logo of Biophy, with a blue dot on the bottom left corner. A rectangle with magenta border on bottom right contains a logo of ConcertAI, with a magenta dot on the bottom right corner. All rectangles are placed on top of a cream background -- who to know coverage from STAT
Photo Illustration: Christine Kao/STAT; Photos: Norstella, Parexel, Concert AI, Biophy

In the last year, drugmakers have talked up the prospect of medicines discovered or designed by artificial intelligence. AI could accelerate the pace of new drugs approved to treat everything from rare diseases to cancer to antibiotic-resistant infections, they tout.

It will take years in the research pipeline to see whether those claims bear out. Meanwhile, another crop of companies is deploying machine learning and artificial intelligence to the design and execution of clinical trials for existing drug candidates, hoping to see a much faster payoff. 

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The ultimate manifestation of artificial intelligence in clinical trials would be total simulation: No human participants, just predicted clinical and safety outcomes based on immense databases of previous clinical trials, real-world patient records, pharmacokinetic data, and more. Unsurprisingly, “a lot of the applications that we’re seeing are still around optimization, and not necessarily the wild and cool stuff that people are anticipating,” said Morgan Hanger, executive director of the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative. 

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